The use of hydrogen as a fuel source is becoming increasingly popular as we shift towards renewable energy sources. However, the safe and efficient storage of hydrogen is a major challenge, as it needs to be stored under high pressure. In this video, we will explore the different types of tanks used to store hydrogen under pressure, the technological differences between them, and their advantages.
What is a hydrogen tank?
A hydrogen tank is a specialized container designed to store hydrogen in either gaseous or liquid form. It may also be referred to as a hydrogen cylinder, cartridge, or canister. The construction of a hydrogen tank must meet stringent physical requirements based on the pressure and temperature of storage. This has led to continuous innovation in the design and manufacturing of these tanks. Hydrogen fuel tanks are used in a variety of applications, including fuel cell and electrolyzer systems, rockets, and space flight. Typically, a hydrogen fuel tank is part of a larger hydrogen storage system.
Types of Hydrogen Tanks
There are five types of gas tanks that can be used for both stationary and mobile applications to store hydrogen.
Type 1
This is the most common gas tank, which is a simple cylinder made of steel. The operating pressure is from 200 to 300 bar, and it is typically used for industrial applications. The density of such a type 1 storage is around 15 grams per liter.
Type 2
This type of tank is an improvement over type 1, as it has additional fiberglass reinforcement on the outside, which increases its stability and allows gas storage at a higher pressure. The operating pressure for this tank is typically 100 to 500 bars, and it is mainly used in industrial applications. The density of hydrogen in a type 2 tank is around 20 grams per liter.